Significant changes inside individual NATO member states in relation to their mutual relations as well as relations with the Russian Federation have led many to ask questions of justification of the existence of the NATO alliance. That led to the reopening of the process of encouraging the creation of joint defence and security institutions within the EU that need to protect the value-based system of the EU.
*Introductoy note at Zagreb Security Forum 2019.

Optužnica u predmetu IT-04-74 utemeljena je na tezi  „Krajnja je svrha vodstva  HZ(R)H-B-a i Franje Tuđmana uspostaviti hrvatsku cjelinu koja,  barem djelomično, rekonstruira granice Banovine iz 1939. godine, što bi olakšalo ponovno ujedinjenje hrvatskoga naroda; a takav je entitet bio ili trebao biti izravno pridružen Hrvatskoj neposredno nakon mogućeg raspada BiH, ili u drugom slučaju, postati samostalna država u BiH sa bliskim vezama s Hrvatskom. Kada se pažljivo čita ovako sročena optužnica onda je očito da je glavni krimen  „vodstva  HZ(R)H-B-a i Franje Tuđmana“ zagovarati i ustrajati na programu (kon)federalnog uređenja BiH. „Uspostaviti hrvatsku cjelinu“ je  kriminalni pothvat budući da taj hrvatski „samostalan“ entitet unutar BiH,  može odlučiti  i ne ostati u BiH „nakon mogućeg raspada BiH“.  Dakle, svaki federalni a pogotovo konfederalni entitet je kriminalni poduhvat jer može donijeti odluku „postati samostalna država“  ili pak odlučiti se za „ponovno ujedinjenje hrvatskoga naroda“. 

Na primjeru grada Bihaća u zapadnoj Bosni i anonimnog srpskog elaborata iz 1939. može se potvrditi kontinuitet projekata i pokušaja stvaranja „velike Srbije“ na području današnje Republike Hrvatske i Bosne i Hercegovine, odnosno kontinuitet „velikosrpske“ politike. Jednako tako, na primjeru hrvatske pomoći Bihaću, mogu se istaknuti zasluge Hrvatske u obrani Bosne i Hercegovine od velikosrpske agresije početkom 1990-ih, posebice u spašavanju stanovništva na području bihaćke općine, uglavnom Bošnjaka-muslimana.

Ograničavajući obranu Slobodana Praljka da pobija točke optužnice većina vijeća povrijedila je pravo na efikasnu obranu Slobodana Praljka. Kada optužba tvrdi i dokazuje da su se napadi od strane HVO-a odvijali i bili usmjereni prema civilnom stanovništvu u realizaciji zajedničkog kriminalnog plana, spriječiti obranu da pokaže kroz odgovarajuće dokumente i svjedoke da s e nije radilo o napadu na civilno stanovništvo i civile i da je sukob bio posljedica napada ABIH, znači narušavanje prava obrane predviđena u Statutu i imati unaprijed stvoren stav o optužbi.

Bezposadne letjelice (BL) tek su jedan od tri pojavna oblika bezposadnih sustava koji se, osim u zraku, mogu izraditi za samostalna i/ili upravljiva kretanja ispod ili na vodenoj površini te na kopnu. Jedno od rješenja koje je razvijano u namjenskoj industriji bili su i bezposadni zrakoplovi,za koje je uvažen naziv dron (BL). S vremenom su ti sustavi postajali sve jednostavniji s obzirom na mogućnosti izgradnje, ali sve sofisticiraniji s obzirom na aktivnosti koje mogu samostalno izvesti.

The issue of water management in the City of Zagreb can be seen in two aspects – water as a natural flood threat and water through management as a natural resource essential for everyday life. The priority task of water management is the fabrication of planning documents at all levels of management and water management. In addition, the fundamental attitudes and policies of Croatian development, along with the place and role of water in society established on the Constitution and laws are respected.

Technology has evolved as an important part of critical infrastructure through development as it is a key element for each country and citizen from the point of view of organizations that map the development trends of technology into operation, products and services. With the presentation of the importance of information technology, which, together with communication technology, is placed in the top of the importance of protecting and protecting it, the critical infrastructure of the country has been complemented by a set of organizations that we are pursuing and needed in this context.

We want to present the domain of risks for the critical infrastructure of Republic of Slovenia, because in this field can the unexpected and unforeseen events seriously endanger the national security.  Furthermore, such events can endanger already established rights of citizens of Republic of Slovenia and also basic human rights and liberties. The duty of subjects of leading and operating of Republic of Slovenia is to assure the existence and development of sovereignty of the State and a long-term security for all citizens. Critical infrastructure is unavoidable and is essential for societal safety. The success of organizations, populations and society that are part of the infrastructure function relies in the unconditional reliability and usefulness.

Maritime traffic is the bloodstream of European prosperity. Transport of energy, fisheries, environment and climate change – all depend on and have close relations with maritime security in one way or another (Drent et al 2013:25). Security as a fundamental value and prerequisite for the development of society and economy in all its segments are not, and should not be projected as expenditure and a reactive system, but instead as a proactive developmental factor and the underlying developmental resource of the country, its society, economy and its citizens.

Models of preventive and timely effective operations of the ship against possible pirate attacks have been systematically analyzed, as well as the actions of the defence ship against pirate attacks during the sailing in piracy areas and beyond. Based on the results, after carrying out the research, the model of prevention of possible pirate attacks against the ship was made, with developed Risk Assessment model, Game Theory model, and proposed improvements to protect the ship against pirate attacks by means of simulations of different attacks scenarios made by the use of Petri nets.

When the heads of the European domestic intelligence services came together in Berlin in May 2018 for a symposium organized by the German Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (BfV), the Director General of Great Britain’s MI5, Andrew Parker, declared empathically that counterterrorism cooperation between European intelligence services was more important than ever.

In an environment where the critical infrastructures are becoming increasingly interdependent, policymakers and citizens are increasingly aware of threats presented by radical political movements and terrorist attacks. Due to their interconnected nature, which is mainly powered by cyber systems, CI's are very vulnerable and can trigger cross-border effects due to their inherently regional or global nature. Within such a scenario, the European Union is still in search of a role to play.

This article starts with a tool of how to deal with the unknown. The tool is a specific Rumsfeld matrix that was developed in cooperation with the Dutch Intelligence and Security Institute of the Dutch defense forces (DISI). The Ad de Jonge Centre used this tool to cope with the different types of unknowns. A focus will be on the so-called unknown-unknown – in which it is both unknown of how to retrieve data, as well as the data themselves. 

The post 11 September 2001 era has changed governments, policy-makers religious leaders, the media and the general public to play both critical and constructive roles in the war against cyber terrorism and asymmetric warfare .  As the security and intelligence community inexorably works its way into the 21st century, it faces an unprecedented way of challenges. The chaotic world environment of the post Cold War offers a wide range of different issues to be understood, and a variety of new threats to be anticipated.

The surface area of the earth is covered by 71% water, that of which 96.5% is sea water. One particularly interesting thing about this subject is that the oceans are actually the routes of world trade, and any disruption in this domain can be harmful . However, terrorists are also aware of this fact. Counterterrorist experts argue that the maritime transport will be the first upcoming major terrorist target .  

The East Mediterranean’s gas resources can promote cooperation, resolve conflicts and deliver financial benefits contributing to the economic development of Israel, Greece and Cyprus, advance the energy security of Jordan and Turkey, and present new prospects for Lebanon, Syria and the Palestinians. 

The intention of a Decision Support Systems is to provide information to strategic decision makers to decide, upon received information, what steps to undertake. Decision Support Systems should not be confused in their role of supporting the Decision Maker.

The changing landscape of security (Crawford, 2012) and prevention requires a scientific viewpoint that implements segments coming from several disciplines, i.e. economy, technology, governance, law, sociology and criminology. Evidently, this means a challenge for researchers. Taking these transitions into account, this paper aims at better understanding of critical infrastructure protection. 

The gathering and strategic management of information is a complex art with economic relevance and therefore businesses are forced to establish their own business intelligence units. The efficiency of such units could be improved by appropriate cooperation at the state level, where national security agencies must adopt a decisive role both in terms of protecting and gathering information. Economic intelligence consists of gathering and processing information relevant to the economic sector with the aim of making operational choices. 

Da bi se na političkom tržištu postigli politički ciljevi mora biti izrađen, i primijenjen, marketinški plan te potaknuta odgovarajuća kampanja. Kampanja je svaki planirani, koordinirani program postizanja određenih, prethodno postavljenih, rezultata. Vođenje i organizacija kampanje je složen proces koji zahtijeva visoku preciznost i točnost te timski rad. Vrlo je važno prije samog početka kampanje istražiti tržište. Najčešće se to provodi anketom kojom se istražuje javno mnijenje da bi se dobile korisne informacije o biračima; propituju se stavovi ciljanih publika o određenim, ali u tom trenutku možda ključnim, problemima, pitanjima, temama, zatim o određenom političaru ili stranci. Za točnost istraživanja, bitno je uzeti u obzir i želje, potrebe, nade, kao i strahove ispitanika. Cilj ovakvih ispitivanja je postići što veću točnost i vjerodostojnost istraživanja jer njegovi rezultati nude empirijsku podlogu da se vlastita pozicija prilagodi javnosti u cilju stvaranja percepcije da je baš ono što ta stranka nudi rješenje problema birača.

Dnevno su u svijetu odviju deseci tisuća različitih manje ili više opasnih napada u kibernetskom prostoru. Aktivnosti vodećih zemalja svijeta i međunarodne organizacije u posljednjih nekoliko godina, a posebno u proteklih nekoliko mjeseci potvrđuju rastuću svijest o učestalosti i razornosti tih napada. Sjevernoatlantski savez svojim novim strateškim konceptom daje naglasak opasnostima u kibernetskom prostoru, uvrštavajući kibernetske prijetnje među ugroze koje čine sigurnosno ozračje u nadolazećim razdobljima.

Suvremeni informacijski prostor zahvaljujući napretku informacijskih tehnologija koja je sve manja, brža i jeftinija omogućava državama, nedržavnim akterima, multinacionalnim korporacijama, pa čak i pojedincima, da uz minimalne financijske izdatke i minimalno korištenje informacijske infrastrukture postignu rezultate od strateškog značaja. Karakterizira ga velika pristupačnost komunikacijskih tehnologija svim slojevima populacije, velika brzina prenošenja informacija preko društvenih mreža u realnom vremenu što omogućava postizanje makismalnog učinka u vrlo kratkom vremenu, zatim anonimnost koja omogućava izražavanje mišljenja bez preuzimanja odgovornosti, potom velika količina razmjene informacija na dnevnoj bazi zbog čega je otežano praćenje i razlikovanje važnih i korisnih informacija od nevažnih i trivijalnih te što pri prenošenju informacija, u takvom prostoru, ne postoje ni geografske niti sadržajne granice (NATO StratCom COE 2016.).

Nakon što su u američkoj zrakoplovnoj bazi Wright-Patterson koncem 1995. godine bosanskohercegovački nacionalni lideri, uz prisustvo čelnika susjednih država, Republike Hrvatske i Savezne republike Jugoslavije[2], postigli suglasnost oko državnog ustroja s dva entiteta – Republike Srpske i Federacije BiH, uspostavljen je mir u zemlji izmrcvarenoj ratnim zbivanjima i masovnim stradanjima civila i njihove imovine. Međunarodna zajednica kao dominantni akter u konstitucionalnoj rekompoziciji BiH nametnula je federalni ustroj s dva entiteta (i Distikt Brčko) i tri konstitutivna naroda, smatrajući ga dobrim okvirom za početak izgradnje poslijeratne bosanskohercegovačke države.

The United States is strongly committed to helping advance European energy security. This issue is one of our top priorities. Why do we care? It is in our interest to support the efforts of the European Union to advance a secure, sustainable, stable, transparent and integrated energy market with a diversity of energy types, sources, and delivery routes because we are convinced that such a common market will improve regional security, economic prosperity, and sustainability.

Strateško komuniciranje danas je važan dio modernih nacionalnih i multilateralnih strategijskih, operativnih i taktičkih dokumenata i procesa. Za organizacije kao što su NATO i EU, koje po svojoj prirodi moraju povezati djelovanje država članica, komunikacija u današnjem kompleksnom informacijsko-komunikacijskom okruženju sigurno je otežana, ali samim time i izazovna. Ako zauzmemo stajalište da NATO i EU ovise o komunikaciji u postizanju strateških učinaka svoga djelovanja, tada je postavljanje jasnih okvira i smjernica kako vladati ovim područjem od iznimne važnosti.

During 2015 and 2016, South-East Europe and the European Union have encountered the largest migration[2] since World War 2. Countries from which these migrants come from are extremely poor, war-torn and devastated countries of Central Asia, North and Middle Africa and especially from the Middle East. The processes of encouraging political change in the countries of North Africa known collectively as "Arab Spring", long-term instability, insecurity and the war in Afghanistan and Iraq, as well as the attempts of violent changes of certain regimes in power, as in the case of Syria, have led to the migrations of millions of inhabitants to, in the opinion of those who move and those who direct them, their nearest area of stability and security (economic and political): to the European Union.

ehnološki razvoj nigdje nije bio tako dinamičan i sveobuhvatan kao u području komunikacijske i informacijske tehnologije, a taj se razvoj, dakako, odrazio i na terorizam. Nerijetko u medijima piše da teroristi koriste internet kako bi širili svoje ideje, a neki istraživači terorizma pretpostavljaju da se mladi muškarci na taj način mogu radikalizirati u samo nekoliko mjeseci. Cilj ovog rada je rasvijetliti proces radikalizacije terorista putem interneta i uopće korištenja interneta u terorističke svrhe te analizirati moguće načine suprotstavljanja ovom fenomenu.

Među ukupnim prijetnjama nacionalnoj sigurnosti jedan dio čini i kriminalitet određene vrste i sadržaja. S druge strane postoji i širok spektar nekriminalnih prijetnji nacionalnoj sigurnosti poput vojnih, vanjskopolitičkih, ekonomskih, prirodnih (potresi, poplave i sl.) i tehničkih/tehnoloških (havarije i sl.), zdravstvenih (epidemije) te prijetnji koje proizlaze iz unutarnjih strukturnih slabosti ili ranjivosti pojedinih institucija (obrana, sigurnosni sustav) ili vrijednosti (npr. politička stabilnost, socijalna kohezija, gospodarstvo, ekologija i dr.

Svijet je u tranziciji jer se promijenila priroda međunarodnih odnosa, odnosno promijenili su se instrumenti nacionalne moći. Većina je teoretika međunarodnih odnosa suglasna da su danas ključni instrumenti nacionalne moći javna diplomacija i informacija, a tek su na trećem i četvrtom mjestu ekonomija i vojska. Drugim riječima: u industrijsko doba zemlje koje su imale dominaciju na moru i u zraku vladale su svijetom; u informacijsko doba zemlje koje budu dominirale informacijskim prostorom imat će hegemoniju u svijetu. Zato nacionalne informacijske strategije imaju zadaću osigurati dominaciju punog spektra vlastitih informacija u stranim javnostima.

Consequently, the Appeals Chamber finds that the Trial Chamber did not make findings sufficient, on their face, to enter convictions against Mr. Markač on the basis of either aiding and abetting or superior responsibility. In the absence of such findings, and considering the circumstances of this case, the Appeals Chamber, Judge Agius dissenting, declines to assess the Trial Chamber’s remaining findings and evidence on the record. Doing so would require the Appeals Chamber to engage in excessive fact finding and weighing of the evidence. The Appeals Chamber, Judge Agius and Judge Pocar dissenting, recalls that the existence of a JCE and unlawful artillery attacks underpin all of the material findings of the Trial Judgement. In this context, any attempt to derive inferences required for convictions under alternate modes of liability would risk substantially compromising Mr. Markač’s fair trial rights.

Promene zadataka i ciljeva Oružanih snaga SFRJ za vreme sukoba u Hrvatskoj - u ovom delu se govori o promenama unutar Vrhovne komande na početku sukoba u Hrvatskoj i o tome kako je to uticalo na zadatke JNA u toku sukoba u Hrvatskoj. Naredženja i uputstva onoga što je preostalo kao Vrhovna komanda i štab Vrhovne komande ukazuju na to da je JNA, bar de facto, sve manje bila “vojska SFRJ" i da je, barem u Hrvatskoj, postepeno prerastala u pretežno srpsku vojsku, koja je služila srpskim ciljevima. Uloga JNA izmenila se, i umesto posredovanja izmedžu sukobljenih strana, postala je stvaranje srpskih područja u onim delovima Hrvatske koje je srpsko/srbijansko rukovodstvo smatralo srpskim i uspostavljanja kontrole nad njima. Tako je ustavni zadatak “zaštite teritorijalnog integriteta” sveden na učvršćivanje srpske/srbijanske kontrole nad tim područjima.

Gospodarska špijunaža egzistirala je još od najstarijih civilizacija, doduše u vrlo pojednostavljenim oblicima. Poznat je primjer iz državnog ustroja starog Egipta gdje su pojedini svećenici koji su odlazili u strane zemlje sustavno obučavani za zadaće prikupljanja podataka o njihovoj gospodarskoj snazi. Također, oko 1200 godina prije Krista, a tijekom izraelskog pohoda na Palestinu, Jošua je uputio dvojicu svojih uhoda da „tajno izvide da li je zemlja plodna“. Ovakvih, relativno pojednostavljenih primjera gospodarske špijunaže te primjera koji su obuhvaćali sustavniji pristup navedenoj problematici tijekom povijesti bilo je bezbroj.

Definirajući sustave ranog upozoravanja, Shaker i Richardson povlače analogiju s državnim strukturama navodeći da se radi o "onim izvještajnim aktivnostima namijenjenim detektiranju i izvješćivanju vremenski osjetljivih izvještajnih informacija o inozemnim događajima koji mogu uključivati opasnost za Sjedinjene Države ili za vojne, političke, gospodarske interese ili državljane Sjedinjenih Država u inozemstvu.

This article examines the institutional challenges that Greek security policy is facing and offers some suggestions regarding the mechanisms that are needed for a more effective security and crisis management policy. The inefficiency of Greek security policy derives among other things from the fact that the existing institutional structures are inadequate and poorly organized. The prospect of introducing a new institutional body, the National Security Council, will also be examined in order to demonstrate that such an institution although helpful should not be treated as a panacea.

Established governments recognize that life under the constant threat of terrorism jeopardizes their nation's stability, prosperity, and overall well being. They have all publicly condemned terrorism as criminal and immoral. For instance, on the heels of the horrific attacks of September 11, 2001 even the Chinese government announced that it "opposes and condemns all forms of terrorism and is against using terrorism as a means of achieving political objectives.” Such statements prove that nations, regardless of whether their pronouncements against terrorism are genuine, at least recognize terrorism as a serious security threat to other nations. More recently, in 2005 the European Union had released a similar declaration stating, "Terrorism is criminal and unjustifiable under any circumstances."

There are things and situations that assert the definition "anything you say is true". But is the Balkan theme among them? One is about to say not, having in mind the approach and the arguments, negative for their most, when "Europe", "the World", "America", "the Others" or "the Great Powers" are interpreting the "Balkan problems". But the answer would be rather yes, since closer scrutiny reveals the mosaic-like variety of lands, economies, policies and standpoints...

Radical changes in the international situation re-ignited previous conflicts. Ethnic and religious issues, suppressed during the bi-polar era, created an immediate threat for national and international security. The structure of the global information society increased the current risks to the security of information. Progress in state-of-the-art technologies created new opportunities for penetration, manipulation, and destruction of data, in addition to disrupting and compromising the records and activities of institutions, organizations, and companies. The threats are related to criminal activities and also to criminal organizations, fundamentalists, even anarchists.

Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro (that is, their politicians, businessmen, scientists, and artists) try to explain the issues in historical terms, but such explanations are greeted with scorn or lack of understanding. European politicians attempt to ignore our history, eradicate our differences, and destroy our memory. We, on the other hand, believe history freed from ideology explains the past and liberates the future.

For Russia, the Balkan states rate a high regional priority. From a geopolitical view, the region's problems are an unremitting threat to European and, by extension, world stability. Many of the regions' animosities are ages old and obdurate. To these are added new problems, mainly recent and internal, such as a plethora of refugees that have a dangerous, destabilizing effect on the area.

After more than a decade, most of the problems facing the states of the former Yugoslavia still have not been resolved. What has changed over the past ten years is that the locus of the crisis has shifted from the northeast - Slovenia and Croatia - to the southwest - Bosnia & Herzegovina, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (including Kosovo and Montenegro), and Macedonia. Even Albania has been in a state of almost chronic instability since 1997. And in this latter group, the political, constitutional, and state questions which were open at the beginning of the 1990s are far from resolved.

The politics of the sociology of terrorism. The use of intelligence and counter-intelligence by terrorist organizations / Old means for new tasks: Humint and Covert Operations / Merging police intelligence and national intelligence / Legal, ethical and media aspects of "Intelligence Wars". / Problems and prospects concerning international intelligence cooperation and joint action in counter-terrorism. / Lessons from the EUROPOL-cooperation

The war against corruption which has become "a chronic disease of the community" must become a top priority with the ruling government.   In order to ensure that the war against corruption is swift and effective, it is necessary to build and expand state institutions which can successfully lead to "the independence of the judiciary from politics, respect for political freedom, a free media and political opposition." 

In order to ensure future stability and security in Southeast Europe as a prerequisite to European integration, there should be a clear division of roles among the international factors in the region. The USA should lend "leadership and engagement," while the UN should deal with "mandates rather than operations."  

The Dayton formula - one state, two entities and three constitutive nations, a compromise solution reached under pressure, especially from the Americans, 'does not provide a guarantee of peace, stability or the survival of the Bosnian state." The contradictions inherent in the accord are self-evident. While the international community actively supports a strong sovereign state, it has through the accord divided Bosnia-Herzegovina into two entities with significant powers, Republika Srpska and the Federation. Rather than implementing Dayton as intended and correcting fundamental mistakes, the international community is quietly revising Dayton.

In spite of that, some crucial foreign policy questions were raised during the 2000 campaign by the candidate Bush, in particular those concerning the policy towards China and Russia, the National Missile Defense, and the US acceptance of the Kyoto Protocol regarding the protection of the environment.